Comparison of Two Film Versions of Romeo and Juliet Essay

In this essay you will read a comparison of two film versions of Romeo and Juliet. One film is made by Baz Luhrmann which is made in 1997, while the other film is made by Franco Zeffirelli in 1968. I will compare these two Romeo and Juliet films by looking at the director’s techniques and the characters. Baz Luhrmann’s techniques were to use many different angles. He used the high angle, the low angle and the normal angle which is on eye level. He used the high angle at the very beginning of the movie when Shakespeare’s famous sonnet was read and when Baz Luhrmann was showing an overview of the city Verona. He used the low camera angle when Tybalt and some others of the Capulet family came, ready to fight with the Montegue’s. The low camera angle was used to film the cowboy shoes of the Capulet, and then the camera went up, from the low angle, to his face to make him look more powerful. The normal camera angle was used a lot, for example when a Montegue was hiding behind the door of a car. He made the fight take place at a petrol station for a bigger spectacle because of the guns that were used. Baz Luhrmann made his film look very modern, so did he with the characters. The Montegue’s would wear an open shirt with flowers on them that you normally only were at the beach or Hawaii and one of them had pink hair.. They wore that when they were driving around in the car and when they were fighting. Baz Luhrmann made the Capulets look angry, mean, and dangerous. They would were metal cowboy shoes, ear rings, black leather pants, and a shirt without sleeves. They looked like a dangerous fighting gang during the fight with the Montegue’s. Even though the film looked modern, the characters did say the original words that Shakespeare wrote. Therefore, the old English with the old English accent was used. Franco Zeffirelli’s techniques were to use a lot of normal angles. He used that all the time in the film. He used it when people were talking to each other and when the families were fighting. He only used the high angle when he was giving an overview of the market. In this film, the location was the same all the time, the fight and the market took place in the streets, like how it is supposed to be because after the fight the Prince says â€Å"if you disturb our streets again†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The characters would look more normal and natural. They did not have ear rings or weird hair. The characters would look like the people that lived at that time. They wore the colours of their family, sometimes a cape, and a little hat. This video would look much more like the original play. They also used horses to travel with. As well in this movie they would use Shakespeare’s original text and the old English accent. After this comparison, I prefer Franco Zeffirelli’s movie because it is more original and you can see better how Shakespeare meant the story too look like. Baz Luhrmann’s film was too modern and did not have anything to do with the time the story of Romeo and Juliet take place. Franco Zeffirelli’s techniques may be very simple, but that is how the story is supposed to be shown. Franco Zeffirelli’s movie is better because it looked more like the real play.

Lyric Poetry Red Taylor Swift

Taylor Swift's song â€Å"Red† is very joyful even though her words are sometimes gloomy because she misses what she use to have. She is speaking about someone who she can not forget because of all the good memories they have with each other. Taylor Swift ‘s use of similes, imagery and alliteration in her song â€Å"Red† helps portray the good and bad about loving someone that is not around any more. Taylor Swifts uses similes through out her writing to make you feel her happiness and struggles. â€Å"Loving him is like driving a new maserati down a dead end street,† tells you that happiness was damaging her relationship.It be great to have a maserati just to have it, with no where to go but, it is hurting our earth. Loving him was unnecessary so it ended up hurting her. When Swift says, â€Å"Memorizing him was as easy as knowing all the words to your old favorite song,† she shows how much she misses having this person around. When a song stops play ing for a while but, then it comes on again and the mind still remembers all the words its like an old friend popping back into the mind. When the mind remembers someone they loved all of the good and bad memories with that person can be stuck in the head.Taylor Swift's similes are very meaningful and can make you feel mixed emotions. Imagery is used many different times through out the song and gives a dark but still happy mood. â€Å"Missing him was dark grey all alone,† is very depressing because this person is gone. Now she is lonely because she feels like she is stuck in the dark all lone. Taylor Swift also says, â€Å"Losing him was blue like I never known. † This is very gloomy because it is the saddest she has ever been. She did not even know she could feel this terrible. When she says, â€Å"Loving him was Red,† it make the song much happier.It gives off this bright, cheerful mood saying even though she felt terrible after the relationship the time she had loving him was worth it. The way Taylor Swift uses imagery makes the reader feel her pain. Taylor Swift also used alliteration in her writing to emphasize certain words. When Swift says,† Cause love was like driving a new maserati down a dead and street,† lots of focus is drawn to the words â€Å"driving,† â€Å"down,† and â€Å"dead. † She felt like this relationship was dyeing and was going down hill. In the quote â€Å"Once you're already flying through the free fall,† the words flying,† â€Å"free,† and â€Å"fall,† stand out. She feels like she has fallen head over heels and could not stop loving this person even if she wanted to. Swift wanted those words to stand out so the reader felt her passion. Taylor Swfit's use of alliteration helps the reader understands how strong her feelings are for this person. Taylor Swift used so many poetic elements to help the reader feel many different emotions. She used a variety of similes, imagery, and alliteration through out her writing. Taylor Swift's writing lets the reader into her head and rollercoaster of emotions.

Mass Media + Politics

How, and to what extent, do the media shape the public agenda? What is the question about? I feel as though the question is asking two things; 1, how, as in the models used to illustrate the media and its shaping of the public agenda. And 2, to what extent, through the barriers and limits of the public and also government can the media do this. I will need to explore the different models that highlight this idea, such as the issue-attention cycle, issue-attention theory, and several other models explaining how agendas are set.I will also need to discover the important factors that the media use to shape how these ideas are brought across to the public which then create the public agenda. These factors that allow this to happen are priming and framing. What is my main argument? My main argument for this essay is that the media strongly mould and manipulate us (the public’s) opinions, views and ideas of what is, and isn’t, important in our lives and what we are exposed to .I will also explain that the models and theories previously mentioned illustrate the steps and levels that this occurs at. I think it is also important to mention framing and priming, and their impact on agenda setting. Framing and priming are the vessel that the media manipulates to shape public agenda, and will be my main idea that is carried throughout my essay, as I believe these are the two main factors that are the ‘how’ in the process of media shaping public agenda.What is the outline of my essay? For my introduction I will define what public agenda is, and explain how the media plays such an integral part in not only our personal opinions, but the views and values of the public as a whole. I will then explain several of the agenda-setting theories and models, such as McCombs, McCombs and Shaw’s, Down’s and Rochefort and Cobb’s creations. After discussing these models, I will introduce priming and framing.I will define these ideas and give k ey examples of how these factors apply in everyday life. Priming and framing will be the main body of my essay, and I will explain the extent to which they affect how the media shape and influence public agenda. I will conclude my essay by summarising how the different models of agenda-setting, along with priming and framing, allow the media to influence the public agenda, and the limitations placed upon this.

Network design and simulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Network design and simulation - Essay Example More importantly, it will be analyzed and properly assess to estimate the cost of networking. Study and recommendations for appropriate networking topology based on physical structure of the building. The advantage and disadvantage of such recommended topology. The works include surveys, cabling, server, workstations and network adapter configurations, installation of switches in strategic locations, operating systems, utilities and application software and commissioning. Installation of Microsoft Windows Server 2003 in the Network Server. It is a multipurpose operating system competent of handling a varied set of server roles such as file and print serving functions. In the anticipated expansion it will provide World Wide Web services such as e-mail, terminal, streaming media, remote access and virtual private networking. Dependable, "Windows Server 2003 is the fastest, most reliable, most secure Windows server operating system ever offered by Microsoft. Windows Server 2003"(Microsoft, 2002). It provides IT infrastructure that delivers fundamental value: improved reliability, better availability, and increased scalability. This includes application platforms with built-in traditional application server functionality on top of "extensive operating system capabilities and integrated information worker infrastructure that helps keep business information... This includes application platforms with built-in traditional application server functionality on top of "extensive operating system capabilities and integrated information worker infrastructure that helps keep business information secure and accessible" (Microsoft, 2002). The business will now have a LAN that combines intranets and Internet sites (in the future). This will also increase system security, which is critical in a network. 2. Workstation Operating System Along with the Microsoft Windows 2003 Server, the installation of its Client on every workstation in the network will be implemented. The client also have the same reliability and functionality that would match modern computer applications. 3. Document Processing The installation of Microsoft Office 2003 that includes business solutions such as Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Access. A complete package that would enable worker collaboration, file sharing that would increase workers productivity. Question 3: Comparative Traffic Flow Rates (to use the information I send to you by the "Estimating traffic volumes and patterns) Traffic Volume The proposed network will be divided into understandable segments. Using the White Box approach let us identify the 5 segments of the proposed networks with their estimated usage of various applications : (since the network currently do not have remote access, computations will be base on local traffic only) 1. Accounts a. word processing - 50% b. spreadsheets - 90% c. files- 10% 2. Sales a. word processing - 50% b. spreadsheets - 90% c. files - 10% 3. Service a. word processing -20% b. spreadsheets - 20% c. files- 60% 4. Customer Service a. word processing - 70% b. spreadsheets - 20% c. files - 10% 5.

''How does the distance from the radius affect the frequency of its Research Proposal

''How does the distance from the radius affect the frequency of its sound'' - Research Proposal Example Sound, like all other waves display various properties. These properties include wavelength, period, frequency,speed, amplitude, intensity and direction. Amplitude and loudness refer to a similar thing. It depends on how much compression is done. Sound waves disperse after leaving the source. This leads to a notable decrease in amplitude. In case of an absorption of the sound waves by the medium, amplitude decreases as it travels through it. Sound wavelength is the distance from one crest to the next. Sound being a compression wave has its wavelength being the distance between the maximum compressions. Sound frequency refers to the passing rate of waves at a given point. It is used interchangeably with pitch and also note for musical sounds. But for all wavelengths, sound's velocity is roughly the same. Therefore frequency comes in handy in the description of the effects of the various wavelengths. Frequency and wavelength determine the pitch of a sound wave. A high pitched sound is in corresopondence with a high frequency sound wave and vice versa for low pitched sounds. Under normal circumstances, one effect can observe the Doppler Effect any time the source's velocity moves slower than the wave's velocity. However, whenever the source's velocity is the same or faster than the wave's speed, the source becomes the leads the waves produced. When there is a time snapshot for various waves an aeroplane produces with due to moving at the same velocity as the wave, it is called a shorkwave. This also happens if the plane is swifter than the sound's speed. When a supersonic aeroplane passes an obeject, a sonic boom is heard. It happens due to a pile-up of compressional fronts on wave pattern's conical edges. This piling up interferes with one another, producing extremely high pressure zones. These zones then all reach the object at once. There follows rarefaction where the high pressure zone is immeidately followed by lower pressure one, creating loud noise. Sound speed is mainly dependent on the medium the wavesare travelling through. This is normally the material's fundamental property. Physical properties including a sound's velocity vary depending on the environmental conditions. For instance, the velocity of soundwaves in though gases is highly dependent on the temperature. The vibration of a sound source creates compression waves of sound.In order to study the effect of distance from the midpoint of a snare on the frequency emmitted, the Doppler Effect theory is employed. According to this theory, there is always a change in frequency and wavelength of sound waves and other waves in general with respect to distance. It derives its name from Christian Doppler, an Austrian physicist and mathematician. He first proposed this effect in the year 1842 in his book. Later in 1845, Buys Ballot tested this hypothesis for sound waves. He made a confirmation that the pitch of a

The Problem of Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Problem of Plagiarism - Essay Example activities besides plagiarism; however, the ultimate impression that the reader should gain from such a statistic is that the practice is both widespread and increasingly pervasive. As this is an issue that effects the academic integrity of the learning institutions that exist as well as the quality and type of education that the students receive, this brief essay will seek to explain a few of the ways in which plagiarism works to cheat not only the student of valuable educational merit but the underlying roots of the educational system as well. The most pressing concern when dealing with the topic of plagiarism and its derivatives is to clearly define and differentiate what specifically plagiarism entails and how intertextuality and paraphrase plays into such a working definition. A most basic definition of plagiarism therefore hinges upon the fact that plagiarism can be defined by attempting to pass off another individual’s work as one’s own. Similarly, intertextuality is a far more gray concept (Hansen 189). Whereas paraphrasing is not necessarily a bad thing as long as it is cited appropriately, intertextuality is similar in that it requires the author to plainly note the manner of the sources that provoked the response that is being presented. In this way, the difference between plagiarism and incorporating useful points of intertextuality hinges upon the ability of the student to incorporate relevant and pertinent citations regarding the material they are dealing with. Firstly, consider the fact of what the educational system itself represents. Ultimately, it is a system that has a primary objective to impart knowledge to the participants within the process. One particularly effective means of doing this is to engage the participant with varying forms of feedback. Assigning papers, responses, critical analyses, discussion speeches etc are but a few ways of achieving such a goal. By means of eliciting this â€Å"feedback† system into the

Corporate Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Corporate Strategy - Essay Example It is a fully owned subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America. The music company operates globally and includes a roster inclusive of a broad range of artists, both international superstars and local artists (Sony Music Entertainment, 2011). Data revealed from the financial results of the company during the year 2010 suggest that there was a decrease in the operating revenue and sales figures by 6.7% in comparison to its performance of the previous year (y-o-y). The sales figure was hit during the year 2010 due to the decrease in the sale of devices and consumer products. However, it is also evident that the decrease in the sale of this segment was moderately offset by that of the segment of financial services of the company. Due to depreciation in the value of Yen against both US dollar and Euro, the sale of the Sony in Japan suffered the crisis. However, there was an increment in the operating profit of the company by 259.6 billion Yen (Sony News and Information, 2010). Sony Music has however effectively managed to come out of the crisis and during recent times, the company has ultimately surpassed Universal Music Group through market share in the overall US market. The market share of Sony Music in the overall album segment including albums equivalent to tracks stood at 29.35% as of the end of the week on April 24, 2011. According to Nielson SoundScan, this percentage figure is only a few points above that of the Universal Music Group that stood at 29.26% during the same period (Christman, 2011). The neck-to-neck percentage figure of the market share suggests that there prevails cutthroat competition in the music industry. Apart from the Universal Music Group, the biggest competitors of the Sony Music are EMI Group Limited and Warner Music Group Corp. In this industry, demand of the products or the music publications is driven by spending of the consumers. The companies’ profitability is dependent on promotion of new talent of music and also discovery of those talents. The companies in this industry operate through generation of revenue from its assets whose base is created by publications and recordings. Large companies in this industry such as that of Sony Music hold the advantage of both distribution and marketing. The smaller companies dwelling in this industry are generally referred to as ‘indies’ and these companies compete by concentrating on local artists and varieties of music (Christman, 2011). 2. Internal Resources and Culture Analysis 2.1 Financial Resources The music segment of Sony that comprises of operations of the US based Sony Music Entertainment (SME) and Sony Music Entertainment (Japan) Inc. (SMEJ) generated sales of 522.6 billion yen during the year 2010 that rose by 35% from the previous year’s performance. Simultaneously, the operating income also increased by 31.1% and rose to 36.5 billion yen from 27.8 billion yen during the past year of 2009. The increment figure of sales in the musi c segment has only been due to the fact that although the segment had begun its operation during the month of October 2008, the sales figure has been considered for the full year on a consolidated basis. Had the sales figure been considered otherwise, there would have been a decrement in sales by 5%. On the other hand, considering the operating inc

Elements of a Contract for a business Research Paper

Elements of a Contract for a business - Research Paper Example Contracts make clear what each party’s expectations are, and what each party is ready to give in return for the expected results. Elements of a business contract are many e.g. the Parties of a contact, which are the entities that are involved in the agreement. There is also the Consideration, which states and explains what the involved parties stand to gain from the agreement or arrangement. Terms and Conditions of business contacts do stipulate the obligations and rights of each party. Competent Parties; the parties involved must also be competent ones since a contract can be considered invalid in case it can be conveyed that a party was not mentally competent at the time of the contract agreement and signing. A business contract has to be of or for a Legal Purpose so that it can be regarded as being valid (www.expertlaw.com). Consideration is what both parties give to the other as the approved price for the others promises. Regularly, but not a must, the consideration is the payment of cash. It can be anything valuable including the promise of not doing something, or to desist from applying some right. The payment does not need to be fair. The courts will not intercede where a party has made a hard negotiation unless unconscionable conduct, duress or fraud is involved. If the consideration is there, then I as the former employee to the fabulous hotel will have to compensate them in one way or the other. Together with the hotel, would agree on what the compensation should be (www.smallbusiness.wa.gov.au). With in a contract, only what has been offered can be accepted. This implies that the offer has to be accepted precisely as it has been offered without conditions. If any new terms are suggested, then they are considered to be a counter offer which can be rejected or accepted. There can be numerous offers and counter offers before an agreement is reached. Who makes the final offer is not significant;

Company Law liability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Company Law liability - Essay Example He manages the business individually. By passage of time the business expands and the business activities will expand. When such business expansion takes place it will become difficult for the Sole Trader to manage with the business. At this time the sole trader needs some more people to help him and share both investment and also returns of his business. This necessitates the conversion of Sole Trade to Partnership form of business where two or more people come together and enter into a deed of partnership agreeing to carry on the business jointly by investing. They share both the profits and loss of the partnership according their share of investment or as mutually agreed by them. The partnership firm need not be a conversion of sole trader. It can be formed directly by two or more persons join together with a common objective and mutual agreement. In the partnership firm the liability of the partners is unlimited, their personal property is also liable for discharge of firm's debt s. The further expansion of partnership firm inviting more capital to cop up the expansion of the business necessitates formation of a limited company. In a limited company funds are pooled from the public in the form of shares. The amount so pooled is known as share capital. Again this limited company need not be a conversion of partnership firm. It can be directly formed. As it is seen that... 1. Limited liability: In a Public limited company the liability of the share holders is limited to the extent of share capital of the individual share holders, where as in a partnership firm the liability of the partners is extended to their personal property. Eg: If a shareholder holding one share whose face value is 10. His liability is limited to 10. 1. Decision Making: In a company major business policy decisions are taken in the meeting of the board of directors in a democratic way. This will give good productive and efficient decisions which leads to business prosperity. When compared to the partnership firm where the partners take the decisions either individually or jointly. 2. Borrowing powers: A limited company will have more borrowing powers than the partnership firm. The company can borrow the funds from shareholders, financial institutions and any other sources as per the decisions taken in the board's meeting. 3. Investment: The shareholders come forward easily to invest in a public limited company in the form of shares or debentures since the liability is limited. 4. Perpetual existence: Public Limited Company is having a unique feature of perpetual existence. Though the shareholders join and leave the company remains existence. The shareholder's either leaving or causing death do not effect the existence of the company. This is called as perpetual existence. 5. Transferability of shares: Another unique advantage of Public Limited Company is the free transferability of shares. This feature attracts the Public in investing in the company. With this feature the shareholders can transfer their shares freely as and when they wish. Disadvantages: Every business setup has its own disadvantages too. The Public Limited

Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Decision Making - Essay Example It discusses the key decisions and information needs. Next, it highlights the importance of the marketing department and other employees of the organization. As the report continues, it provides a market research plan for Grand Days Out plc which can be used to attract older population. At the end, it discusses the importance of understanding consumer buying behaviour and the consumer decision-making process. There are many matters that a business needs to concentrate on. However, some of the matters need more attention than others. Critical Success Factors are those important areas of activity that need to be performed well with full attention in order for a business to achieve its goals. (MindTools) The goal of our company, as you all know, is to increase our market share and compete with the strong competition out there. However, we are not at a stage where we can put a lot at risk. There are many Critical Success Factors that you all might think are critical for the company, however, according to me, the three critical success factors are firstly, attracting the grey euro, increasing company morale and retaining current customer. The following diagrams summarize the three Critical Success Factors, the key decisions and their information needs briefly. The first Critical Success Factor is attracting the futur... customers have always been the younger market, in order to attract the older population, our marketing department will have to change the way our potential customers see our services. Therefore, our key decision is to change our marketing mix so that newer markets (grey euro) can be attracted. In order to change our marketing mix, we will have to carry out a market research and study our target market thoroughly so that we can design our advertisement campaign and our services accordingly. Our information requirements are therefore sources of information on these people, their requirements and how we fulfill them. We can use primary and secondary research to collect this data. Secondary research can be used to find out older population's statistic. Primary research can be used to find out their requirement. This could include carrying out focus groups, one-to-one interviews and surveys with randomly selected respondents between the ages of 50-60. This research will help us figure out the niche in the market and what our target customers want from our services. Our second Critical Success Factor is increasing the morale of the company employees. This is absolutely necessary in order to increase productivity and hence, efficiency. For this, our key decisions will be to invest in training and development of skills of our present employees and also provide the staff with benefits. However, it is not as simple as this. We need to carry out research to find out what areas our staff needs training programs for and what motivates them. Some employees can be motivated by monetary while the others can be motivated by non monetary benefits. By carrying out this research, we can find out exactly what will increase our staff's morale. Interviews, observation and surveys can be

Technological Aspects to Support Ebusiness Essay Example for Free

Technological Aspects to Support Ebusiness Essay Introduction: For this assignment I am going to compare, contrast and look at the history of two internet giants: Ebay and Amazon. They are two sites that I regularly use, one more so than the other and find both as user friendly as I do interesting. I will look in detail at the history of the two and also the internet as a global network. Finally I will make a brief conclusion and some recommendations. The evolution of e-business: The term e-business or electronic business was first coined by Microsoft’s marketing and internet team in 1996 but businesses started using websites to marketing their products in the early 1990’s shortly after graphic based web-design became available. They quickly shifted from simply using the web for providing customers with information about their products to selling them when the software to encrypt credit card data became widely available in 1994. Netscape developed Secured Socket Layer (SSL) and websites developed the ability to encrypt sessions, making credit card transactions over the Internet safer for all concerned. With an encrypted connection between a companys server and a client computer, credit numbers could be hidden so they could not be intercepted by a third party, which made the theft of card information more difficult. This security led to the birth of e-business and changed the way we shop for ever. After this period the floodgates opened for opportunities in business to trade online but many people still didn’t trust giving out their credit details over the internet and it proved too expensive to trade on line with transactions of under a dollar or its equivalent. These payments were called micro payments and many companies came and went trying to facilitate these transactions. Paypal has been the most successful business to date that operates in this area and made it fast, cheap and most importantly secure for people to pay for goods online. Even with the emergence of these secure payment businesses, popularity with on line sales was still was not hitting the heights as expected and the .com bubble burst in the early 2000’s. The collapse of the bubble took place during 2000-2001. Many companies failed completely. Others lost a large portion of their market capitalization but remained stable and profitable, e.g., Cisco, whose stock declined by 86%. Some later recovered and surpassed their dot-com-bubble peaks, e.g; Amazon.com whose stock went from 107 to 7 dollars per share, but a decade later exceeded 200. After the bubble burst, many dot-coms liquidated or were acquired by other companies; the domain names were snapped up by domain investors or businesses with more traditional business models who had survived the crash. A few of the larger dot-com companies did survive, however: Amazon and Ebay are good examples. According to some sources, about 50% of dot-coms survived. Unfortunately, there were still thousands of technical experts such as programmers and web designers who were laid off and found themselves in a highly competitive job market. The acquisition of YouTube by Google, Skype by Ebay, and others, has led to speculation that there may be a second, similar bubble on the horizon. Consolidation of websites where top ten sites buy up competition or others go bust. Comparison of 2 web sites For this assignment I am going to explain, compare and contrast possibly the two most popular internet shopping sites; Ebay and Amazon. I’ve used both of these sites myself and have had little or no problem with either and find them both very user friendly. Ebay: Like most of the first really big internet sites, Ebay was started by one person and a computer from a bedroom or in this case a living room. Pierre Omidyar first created eBay (originally stood for echo bay technology but that domain name had already been taken) in 1995 to offer a marketplace where unwanted goods or collectables could be sold online with little knowledge of how much a global phenomenon it would become and how many times people would attempt to replicate it. The success of Ebay rose greatly for 3 years in which it amassed revenues of approx $4 miollion by its third year of trading. In March 1998, Pierre and his cofounder Jeff Skoll brought in the now multi billionaire Meg Whitman to sustain the success and take it to the next level. This proved pivotal in the world wide success of Ebay although her 9 year spell as CEO was not without controversy. Meg had studied at the Harvard Business School and had learned the importance of branding at companies such as Hasbro. Within 6 months as CEO of Ebay Whitman turned Ebay from a popular online garage sale to a multi billion dollar empire by splitting the company into 23 different business sections, and 35,000 sub categories. She made the company public and shares went from 7 cents a share to as high as $170 a share. This made Ebay the tech darling of the web and many tried and many failed to replicate their success. Ebay now stands at number 64 on the Forbes most powerful brands with 27,700 employees and annual sales of 11.65 billion. Ebay makes its money from a number of ways: Every time someone puts something up for sale on Ebay they have to pay an insertion fee (fee for starting an auction). Usually in the region of 55 cent for smaller to mid-priced auctions. So even if a product does not sell, Ebay will have made money. From each successful auction Ebay will also take a percentage from each sale. Advertising Companies pay to advertise on their site. Google adsense and various other advertising companies use ebay to advertise company’s products on the site. Paypal. Ebay own Paypal and the majority of buyers and sellers use it when making transactions on Ebay. Paypal in turn gets a cut of each transaction. In October of 2002 eBay acquired Paypal Inc. for 1.5 billion dollars. Paypal is the preferred way of making payments for eBay auctions and is growing in popularity for other Internet uses. Paypal allows a person to send or receive money via an email address. Money in a Paypal account can be spent on the Internet, sent by check to the account owner, or deposited into a bank account. Paypal also offers credit cards, debit cards, and a bill paying function. Amazon Amazon.com like ebay is one of the largest online retail websites in the world. Also like ebay it started up from one man and a computer from home but in this case, a garage, and went from a small operation to an international business employing thousands of people in a short space of time. Much the same as Ebay. People all over the world purchase books, music, movies and products from Amazon and hundreds of partner companies. Amazon.com was started by Jeff Bezos in 1994. At the time, his company was run completely from his garage in Bellevue, Washington. He was able to secure funding from Nick Hanauer. This first investment of $40,000 was joined by a larger, $100,000 investment from Tom Alburg that helped make the new website more user-friendly. Like eBay both men would probably not have turned their brand into a global force without the help of outside parties. During the first month of business, Bezos fulfilled and shipped orders to all 50 states, and to 48 countries. Books were t he only product available at that time. Bezos wanted Amazon.com to be more than just a retail website; he wanted to create an online community. Early on, he added a feature that enabled readers to add their own book reviews for all customers to view. In 1997, Amazon.com added movies and music to its offerings. On May 15, 1997, the company went public. The initial public offering (IPO) was targeted at $18, but by the end of the day, public demand had pushed the share price to more than $24 per share. The company had raised $54 million. Amazon.com is listed on Nasdaq as AMZN. In 1998, Amazon opened its first international sites in the United Kingdom and Germany, where it quickly enjoyed success. In 1999 the company opened four order fulfillment centers in Fernley, Nevada; Coffeyville, Kansas; and Campbellsville and Lexington, Kentucky to handle the large mass of orders. Time Magazine featured Jeffrey Preston Bezos as Person of the Year in 1999, calling him king of cyber commerce. The Look Inside the Book feature, added in 2001, was immediately popular as a tool for consumers to see if the book they were looking at would fit their needs. Later, the Search Inside the Book feature, added in 2003, made it possible for consumers to search key words in the text of the book. Amazon added Marketplace, where sellers of used books could offer products for sale with a small commission collected by Amazon. Amazon also teamed up with many companies to offer their products through the website. In January 2009, Amazon reported $6.7 billion in fourth quarter 2008 sales. The company now has centers in 12 U.S. states and eight countries. Its headquarters are in Seattle, Washington, and the company employs more than 21,000 people worldwide. In 2009 Amazon released the Kindle. The kindle is an ebook viewer that lets users download ebooks to the device and read them without physically every owning the book. Users can now also view films and connect to the internet through it. It was through the kindle that helped amazon sales increase ten fold. By 2011 amazon had recorded sales of $48 billion. There are a lot of similarities between Ebay and Amazon which I will now outline below. Both set up around the same time Both set up from home by one man and a internet connection. Both companies became very popular very quick. Both needed the addition of outside help to take it to worldwide success Both companies went public around the same time and made everyone involved overnight millionaires†¦ Both let users sell their unwanted items online Where they differ is Ebay sells anything and everything, new and used and owns its payment service. Ebay doesn’t sell any of its own products and relies heavily on user input, paypal and advertising to bring in income. Ebay is unique in that it actually doesn’t stock any products and is selling other peoples items which it never comes in contact with. This means they don’t have any overheads like warehousing rental, handling fees, shipping/transporting costs and all the labor costs that are attached with the above. If people stop buying or selling on the site, their business plan fails and will cease to exist, so keeping their brand in the public eye and keeping a positive public image is of more importance than most. Ebay has to spend a whopping $83 million a year on advertising and although this only represents 1% of revenue it’s still the third highest of tech companies in the modern climate. This can be viewed as an extremely proactive move but also highlights how the top brass at Ebay think and what position the company could find itself in if not continuously in the public’s mind. The annual $83 million spent on advertising is roughly double what amazon spends a year. That in itself tells you a lot about the differences between the two company’s business plans. [pic] Amazon sells books, music and film, new and used but only accepts credit card/debt card payment does not own the payment facility. Interestingly it doesn’t accept paypal as a form of payment. Amazon has more arms to its business and potentially better equipped to survive if interest drops in the brand or another dot com bubble burst arises. Amazon is like any retailer that buys and sells a product for profit and has all of the overheads that come along with it including stock management and cost issues. Amazon has its own creation in the kindle that it manufactures wholesales and retails itself which proves very profitable. Similar to Dell computers but without the wholesale part. Security: Ebay Paypal is renowned for its safety aspect of shopping securely online. If your paypal account has been hacked and money is taken out then a refund is provided by paypal. If you purchase something on Ebay trough paypal then you could be covered with buyer protection. Buyer protection can get you a refund including post and packaging costs if the item you purchase isn’t working properly, not as described or simply didn’t arrive. It’s a second to none approach to online buying that keeps the customer coming back. If customers don’t use paypal then it can prove to be a little more difficult in getting a refund and/or returning an item. Detail a few scams people do on Ebay [pic] Amazon Shopping on line with Amazon is by and large safe and secure and users often are usually very happy with it’s A to Z guarantee policy where by users are offered a full refund if item is not as materially described. In disputes Amazon usually sides with the buyer. In September 22, 2010, Amazon published a security advisory regarding a security flaw in its Amazon Payments SDK(software development kit). This flaw allows a malicious shopper to shop for free in web stores using those SDKs. Amazon mandated all web stores to upgrade to its new SDKs before Nov. 1, 2010. Amazon acknowledged security researcher Rui Wang for finding this bug. The detail of the flaw is documented in the paper How to Shop for Free Online Security Analysis of Cashier-as-a-Service Based Web Stores by Rui Wang, Shuo Chen, XiaoFeng Wang, and Shaz Qadeer Payment Metods: Amazon Payments accepts verified U.S. bank accounts. For the rest of the world it accepts credit cards and transfers from your available Amazon Payments account balance. Credit cards currently accepted include Visa, MasterCard, Discover, American Express, Diners Club, and JCB. You have to verify your bank account before you can use a bank account as a payment method. There are two methods of verification available: Instant Account Verification and Random Deposits. To verify with Instant Account verification, you use your bank login credentials through Amazons secure website to contact your bank. Verification using this method takes only a few minutes. To verify with Random Deposits, Amazon deposits two small random amounts to the checking account you specify. When the deposits are registered with your bank, you verify the amounts with Amazon. Verification using this method takes from five to seven business days. Ebay on the other hand offers many more methods of payment. Payments options for most sales are: Paypal: (as described above) Propay: When the buyers check out, they enter their credit card information. Payment is processed immediately and sent to your ProPay account. There are fees attached similar to paypal but payment protection applies also similar to paypal. Skrill (Moneybookers): Skrill is a business that allows payments to be made through the web. The Moneybookers payment system offers an online deposit accounts and a low-cost, internet-based alternative to traditional money transfer methods such as cheques, money ordersand wire transfers . To merchants, Moneybookers allows accepting online payments made with major cards or Skrills own online accounts. Skrill also has payment protection available and fees are attached. Paymate: Similar to Paypal but it puts funds directly into the sellers bank account. Only for people in Australia and New Zealand. Payment protection available. Fees attached. All major credit cards: Payment protection available. Payment on collection: payment protection available. Both companies make payment as easy as possible but Ebay are clearly out performing Amazon in this department. They offer more payment options but I think they have to in order to make it easier and appear safer for the customer to shop on their site. Internet as a global market: The internet today has become the largest shopping centre on earth accessible through your computer/tablet/mobile phone at home, work or on the go. The world has gotten smaller thanks to the advancements in technology, trading online has become available to the masses with great ease. Cyber Monday is a great example of this. High street retailers are down 0.2% on last year sales for the month of November. Not a crisis by a long shot but its main competitors, the on line retailers, were up 26% year on year for the same period and the credit card firm Visa expected 6.8 million online transactions with shoppers spending  £320 million on 2012’s Cyber Monday alone. That alone tells you how big a market the internet has become. People can now set up a business from home on the internet and become an entrepreneur over night. They can buy products from China and sell them in Argentina within a matter of days without ever having to touch it all from behind the comfort of their computer. Conclusion: Ebay and Amazon are no doubt two brilliant examples of how to make a success of an e-business and are global internet giants. They are both now and will be household names for years to come but Amazon have the advantage in my opinion in that they are retailers as well as middle men for online sales but more importantly they manufacture, wholesale and retail their own hugely successful product in the Kindle. If another worldwide credit crunch arises or dot com bubble bursts then no doubt Amazon is the better of the two equipped to survive. Ebay is in more danger of becoming last weeks news because the hits can drop on it easier and people can stop trading on it or using another similar web site much quicker than Amazon and it will become extinct. Through researching the two sites I now have a greater understanding of the humble beginnings of the two and how they got to where they are today. I now know and understand how the two operate and the security involved with the two. Most of all I would now feel confident in putting what I have learned into practise. Recommendations: Ebay should try follow Amazon by getting into the production market and expand the business to future proof its self. Amazon should focus on its strengths in the kindle and the future being the download market of movies/tv and books particularly in the market of tablets and phones. Bibliography http://online-auction-sites.toptenreviews.com/ The History of Amazon.com | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_5377195_history-amazoncom.html#ixzz2Cl25m6Dd http://www.creatingcustomerevangelists.com/resources/evangelists/meg_whitman.asp http://www.forbes.com/profile/meg-whitman/ http://www.alternet.org/story/148629/how_meg_whitman_failed_her_way_to_the_top_at_ebay,_collecting_billions_while_nearly_destroying_the_company http://www.happynews.com/living/online/history-ebay.htm http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/15/AR2008081503259.htm http://www.businessinsider.com/chart-of-the-day-ad-spending-for-tech-companies-2010-5 https://www.paypal.com/webapps/mpp/paypal-safety-and-security http://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=537868 http://askville.amazon.com/eBay-Amazon-place-sell-stuff/AnswerViewer.do?requestId=7778359 http://www.ehow.com/about_5282606_history-ebusiness.html http://www.genuineseller.com/comparison-ebay-amazon http://www.domainmonster.com/editorials/dot_com_bubble/

Global Warming and the Effects Essay Example for Free

Global Warming and the Effects Essay Global warming refers to the heating of the air near the earth’s surface and oceans and this problem was first noted to happen in the 1950s period. Today the issue of global warming is one of the most widely discussed as it has serious implications to our environment. Global warming is as a consequence of human activities and its main contributor is the high level of greenhouse gases that are emitted to the atmosphere. One of these gases is methane, nitrogen dioxide, water vapors and carbon dioxide (CO2), which are emitted when fossil fuels such natural gas, oil, diesel and coal are burned. The issue of global warming has risen to the levels of concern today and days cannot pass without it being mentioned. If its effects are not mitigated the world will become an inhabitable place. The effects of global warming are many ranging from rise in global temperatures, forests destruction, melting and retreat of ice glaciers and thawing of snow that covers the mountains and destruction of the coastal ecosystems. This is what this research paper will basically focus on. It will discuss in depth the causes of global warming how these effects impact our society. This research paper is structured as follows; it starts with a brief introduction of what global warming is, its origin and how it has developed overtime, some examples of where it has already occurred will be given and then the conclusion. At the very end there is also a list of all the works cited, properly formatted in accordance with the MLA formatting style. Most people according to Weart (13) use the term global warming to mean climatic change but this is not true. The former is as a result of human activities and changes in the solar system but later is any change in the state of the average climate in terms of precipitation and weather over an extended period of time. The first effects of global warming were first noted in the mid 19th century and according to various reports given by different researchers, global warming results due to unchecked human activities. The world has experienced and witnessed changes in ice formation and melting not mentioning the abrupt rise in global temperatures. Though weather variations are something that is as old as mankind, its recent changes have awakened the conscience of men. Although there are periods when temperatures are a bit hot, there was unusual rise in temperatures in the period between 1980s and 1990s. This problem has continued up to the 21st century. â€Å"In terms of global average near the surface air temperature, the year 1998 was the warmest in the instrumental record and the nine warmest years in that record have occurred since 1990† (Houghton 2). The Graph below Shows How Global Temperature Has Increased Over Time Due to Global Warming. Gotten from http://globalwarming-awareness2007-arshad. com/global-warming-graphs. shtml The rise in the rates at which hurricanes, tornadoes and the general blowing of strong wind is also attributed to global warming. These effects were experienced in Western Europe especially in England in the late 1980s. No single human being can claim not to have contributed to the global warming as in one way or the other one must have been involved in cooking using fossil fuels and in transport. These are the major contributors of global warming because they increase the amount of carbon dioxide gas which is in the atmosphere. (Natural Resources Defense Council). The problem with greenhouse gases is that they trap hot air that is trying to escape from the ocean and earths’ surface something that has serious consequences. Carbon dioxide behaves like a blanket and a mirror. It traps hot air and sends it back to the ground thus there is a lot of water evaporation on the oceans thereby increasing humidity in the air. Also this humidity also behaves like CO2 which traps hot air thus making the air in the atmosphere even warmer (Haughton 12) Most of the global effects we are witnessing today were predicted long time ago by scientists for example the world meteorological organization (WMO) issued a warning in 2003 that there will be increase in weather changes and the examples that it gave were tornadoes, hurricanes and heat waves. Today these tornadoes are like the order of the day and are the effects of global warming. According to scientists, when ice glaciers melts, that water flows to the oceans which in turn floods and the problem that results is that even when there is a small storm water is blown to the earths’ surface. Human activities that contribute to global warming dates back to the Industrial Revolution period when labor became mechanized. Those machines used fossil fuels such as coal which emits large amount of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The current human activities are contributing largely to the global warming that human activities of the 19th century although the current global warming effects are not just as a result of these current activities but is as a result of human activities extended over time. According to a report that was produced by the World Meteorological Organization, the period from early 1990s up to 2007 has registered the highest degrees in terms of global temperature. The average global temperature for the year 2007 was estimated to be 0. 41oC above the average annual temperature of the 1960s of 14. 00oc Just like there are many environmental variables, the same applies when it comes to human activities which contribute to global warming. As per the IPCC’s fourth assessment report, since 1750, human activities with a very high probability were said to be the cause of global warming. The increase of global warming for the last fifty years has been due to the increase in greenhouses emissions. The Graph Below shows how the Concentration of Greenhouse Gas has increased In the Last 250 Years. It was accessed from http://earthsci. org/education/teacher/basicgeol/global_warm/global_warm. html These gases also destroy the ozone that protects some harmful sun rays from reaching the sun and that is why there are so many cases of cancer in the world. The main source of these gases is the fuels that are used on vehicles, planes and other machines such as generators and water pumps and the fuels that are used in households. What happens is that when sun rays reach the earths’ surface, they heat the surface while the excess heat is radiated back to the atmosphere. These rays are supposed to be lost in the space but because there is a lot of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the sunlight with longer wavelength are trapped by these gases (Silverstein and Nunn 53-54). Now the problem is that it leads to global warming in that these gases behave like mirrors that reflect back sun rays to the earth leading to overheating of the global temperature and this is what is referred by scientists as greenhouse effect. Even the water vapor that results due to overheating of the ocean surfaces is also a greenhouse gas. It is estimated that these vapors contribute 36 to 70 percent of the global warming while carbon dioxide accounts for 9-26 percent while others like methane and ozone contributes about 4-9 percent and 3-7percent respectively. Methane is always present in the earth and so when mining or soil erosion occurs due to human activities; it is exposed to the atmosphere. This methane combines with other gases in the atmosphere and it releases carbon dioxide. Population is another factor that has contributed to the rise in global temperature. There is no direct link of overpopulation to global warming but through an intricate process it contributes. When population increase, it means people will require more food and demand for more food means that more agricultural lands will be cultivated. Scientifically we know that trees help in purifying air by absorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere so when vegetation cover is cleared the chances of global warming to result are high as greenhouses gases remain uncontrolled. Also, to some extent green vegetations lead to global warming. When green vegetation rot they release a smelly gas. This gas is methane and is one of those greenhouse gases. Again as people demand more food, they devise ways of increasing food production and one way of doing this is by using animal manure which contains a lot of methane. People are forced to keep animals so as they would get this manure thus indirectly leading to the global warming. As population grows, more energy is needed in the production sectors. Fuel usage increase in the production companies so as to meet the ever increasing demand for products. Population increase mean more transport demands, this leads to an increase in the number of vehicles resulting to more emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Apart from human causes, there are also natural causes of global warming. Sun which is part of the solar system could also contribute to the global warming. If there happens to be output changes in terms of the heat that the sun produces, global temperature could rise. Another natural factor that could contribute is if there happens to be a change in the shape of the orbit that earth as a planet follows. If one point is closer to the sun then, global temperature at that particular period of time could rise. All these causes of global warming lead to several negative consequences. One of these effects is the increase in precipitation. As more and more water evaporates and is trapped in the clouds it then falls as precipitation. When the oceans are heated by the sun, evaporation occurs leading to heavy rain that has negative results for example it leads to floods and soil erosion. (Victor 31-33) Another effect associated with global warming is the thawing of mountain glaciers. In the period between 1550s and 1850s there was a lot of glaciers but this has subsequently decreased over time. It is estimated that the world glaciers with the exception of ice sheets and caps in the Antarctic and Arctic regions has gone down by 50 percent. The reduction of these glaciers has been witnessed in Himalayas Mountains, Alps, Rocky Mountains and Pyrenees. The consequences of melting of these glaciers are many and one of them is flash slides, increase in landslides not mentioning the overflow of the glacial lakes. It also makes some rivers to become seasonal, during summer time they become dry and then gain water during winter. When glaciers melt, water levels in the ocean go up and it destroys the ecological system of the coastal areas because these floods engulf the coastal dry lands. Global temperature interferes with the balance and the length of the seasons. This will affect farmers who sow their seeds in a particular time predicting to be harvested at a particular time. â€Å"Farmers are planting the seeds according to the seasons and rain, but since the rains are getting disturbed and also the climate is getting shifted, the sowing time is difficult to predict, which will lead to poor production hence shortage of food grains† (Global warming, 2008). Marine life is also under extinction threats due to global temperature change. Many marine species have already succumbed to high temperatures in the seas. Penguins which live in coral leafs are the worst affected. Global warming leads to the destruction of the coral reefs and this leads to the interference in penguin’s life cycle resulting to many deaths. Also global warming leads to the retreat of ice in the sea. Though sea water absorbs sun’s heat, this ice reflects back some of the heat. If this ice melts away, sea water will get hot leading to the rise in temperature. According to a report made by the IPCC Fourth Assessment, it was predicted that forest fires will increase in some regions of the world like in the Mediterranean Europe. Global warming has no direct link to the bush fires but the thing is, there will be shortage of rain in those regions thus increasing the chances of forest fires being spread in large scale. When fire burns, carbon dioxide is emitted to the air and since this fire will clear all the remaining vegetations that would absorb some carbon dioxide, a lot of carbon dioxide will be released more than the natural cycle can handle and what will result is global warming due to green house effects. (Natural Resources Defense Council) Global warming also destroys the ozone layer that is in the atmosphere. This layer prevents the harmful sunrays such as ultra violet rays from reaching the earth. These rays lead to increased cases of skin cancer. To conclude this research paper, it is in order to say that global warming leads to the rise of the average global temperatures and have serious consequences on the environment. The main contributor of global warming is human activities although to some extent some natural factors such as alteration of the earth orbit could result to temperature rise. Global changes started to be witnessed in the mid 19th century but of late the effect are many and on the increasing trend. Its many effects have served as an awakening call to many governments to come up with various strategies that could help to reverse the trend. Global warming mostly results from fossil fuels which emit carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. These greenhouse gases include; ozone, methane, water vapors and nitrogen dioxide. What these gases do is that they trap hot air that is trying to escape from the ground resulting to overheating of both the ocean and ground surfaces. The effects of global warming are many and includes; rise in temperatures, forest fire outbreaks, thawing and retreat of glaciers, overflowing of rivers and lakes, disruption in the balance of seasons, extinction of some species especially those that live in seas, desertification, coastal lands being engulfed by floods and increase in diseases such as cancer and malaria. Works Cited: Global Warming. Global Warming Awareness. 2008. Accessed on October 30, 2008 from http://www. globalwarming. org. in/global-warming-facts. php Houghton J. Theodore. Global Warming: The Complete Briefing. Cambridge University Press, 2004 Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). Global Warming: Consequences. 2008. Available at http://www. nrdc. org/globalWarming/fcons. asp Silverstein, A. and Nunn, L. S. Global Warming. Twenty-First Century Books, 2003 Watson R. The Natural Causes of Global Warming. 2007 http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/300649/the_natural_causes_of_global_ warming. html? cat=47 Weart S. R. The Discovery of Global Warming. Harvard University Press, 2003. Victor, David G. The Collapse of the Kyoto Protocol and the Struggle to Slow Global Warming: And the Struggle to Slow Global Warming. Princeton University Press, 2001

Elementary Number Theory

Elementary Number Theory Bernard Opoku qCarl Friedrich Gauss, born into a poor working class family in Brunswick, now lower Saxon, Germany and died in Gottingen, Germany. He was a child prodigy with genius that did not impress his father who called him a star-gazer. His mother, Dorothea Gauss was the exact opposite of his father as she collaborated with his teachers who were impressed enough to find a him a scholarship at the at the local secondary school in Duke of Brunswick. At a very early age Gauss showed signs of great mathematical prospects. At the age of only three years old he noticed arithmetic mistakes his father had made in bookkeeping. (Eves 476) At the age of seven he started elementary school and it was not long after that his teacher, Bà ¼ttner, and his assistant, Martin Bartels, realized Gauss ability when he summed the numbers from 1 through 100 in his head. It had become obvious to Gauss that the numbers 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + + 97 + 98 + 99 + 100 could also be thought of as 1 + 100 + 2 + 99 + + 49 + 52 + 50 + 51. Thinking of it this way he had paired the numbers up so that there would be fifty pair of numbers which would each sum to be 101, or 50 * 101 which equals 5050. (OConnor) It was this that lead Gauss to joke that he could figure before he could talk. In 1788 Gauss began his education at the Gymnasium with the help of Bà ¼ttner and Bartels, where he learnt High German and Latin. After receiving a stipend from the Duke of Brunswick- Wolfenbà ¼ttel, Gauss entered Brunswick Collegium Carolinum in 1792 at the age of fifteen and then Gà ¶ttingen University at age eighteen. (Eves476). While in Collegium in 1797, he collected a very ripe and seasoned education filled with science and classical education way beyond those his age. It was on March 30, 1796, that Gauss began writing in his famous mathematical diary to which he commonly wrote encrypted messages about his mathematical achievements. His diary contains 146 entries, the last of which was dated July 9, 1814. The entry from July 10, 1796, reads EYPHKA! num = + + , which records Gauss discovery of a proof of the fact that every positive integer is the sum of three triangular numbers (0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15,). All but two of the entries in Gauss diary have been deciphered. His dramatic achievement that marked him as a mathematician was in 1796, when he was able to figure out and show that any regular polygon with a prime number of sides can be drawn by using only a compass and a straight edge. And from then for five years until the year 1800,when they began to slow, ideas began to flood his mind so fast he could not write them down fast enough and always had more than he could produce writings for. During this epic time of discovery he came across a heptadecagon, which when he discovered it he requested to have it put on his tombstone, but that request was denied because, it would have ended up looking like a circle. He also discovered modular arithmetic, which is used to calculate check sums, and a heliotrope, which is a moveable mirror that reflects the suns rays; he also was not to mention the first to prove quadratic equations using modular arithmetic. He also had many breakthroughs with writings that of course had to go with these theorems such as in 1801 Disquisitions Arithmetica, which has very important contributions to the number theory. Along with theories of binary and ternary quadratic forms, not to mention he proved the fundamental theorem of algebra just a few days before he wrote this book. In this same year life began to change for Carl a tad when an Italian astronomer named Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a planet that had a celestial body and orbited the sun without disturbing the orbit of any other planet, the celestial planet was called Ceres. Which Giuseppe tracked for a couple months as it moved across the, but suddenly it disappeared and should had reappeared months later Giuseppe could not locate it. He studied his work trying to realize his mistake when he found that it had only moved three degrees which was less than one percent of its entire orbit, along with that his tools and math were not capable of this kind of precision and tracking with such small amounts of data and more to come. Carl, Twenty-Three years old at the time, heard about this discovery and the predicament and took matters into his own hands, and after three months of intense labor he predicted the next position of Ceres in December 1801, about a year after its first sighting. His prediction was only about half a degree off, and for this achievement he was designated Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Astronomical Observatory in Gottingen which was a position he held for the rest of his life.

Comparing Ambiguity in The Turn of the Screw and The Innocents Essay

Ambiguity in The Turn of the Screw and The Innocents    How successfully does the black-and-white film version of The Turn of the Screw, The Innocents (Jack Clayton, 1961), render the ambiguity of James' original text?   Ambiguity, the art of deliberately creating something that can have more than one meaning, lends itself to the written word without difficulty. A written story can involve ambiguity in the characters, plot, narrative - every factor in the story can have to it a sense of uncertainty. However, uncertainty concerning ambiguity is subtly different from uncertainty involving vagueness; the former is a deliberate ploy by the writer to leave interpretation open to the reader's own imagination, whereas the latter comes about due to a lack of detail delivered on the part of the writer, probably due to lack of talent or attention.    With The Turn of the Screw, Henry James crafted an immensely complex and highly ambiguous book - there is nothing vague here; when Jack Clayton decided to make it into a film, he faced an upward struggle. Adapting a book for a film is always beset with difficulties - the written word has the ability to be far more subtle than the projected frame - but capturing the ambiguity of The Turn of the Screw would be immensely difficult. Words do not have to be precise in their meaning but a picture on a cinema screen is just a picture - there is little subtlety or uncertainty. A director has to employ imaginative techniques to make a viewer doubt what he is so evidently seeing. This was especially true in 1961, when The Innocents was produced, a time before sophisticated visual effects came into use.    Almost all of The Turn of the Screw is open to alternate interpretation ... ...e. As with many book-to-žlm adaptions, a desire to change the ending is the žlm's undoing.    In some respects the žlm captures the ambiguity of the original text extremely well - the existence of the ghosts and supporting characters, the involvement of the children - but the more subtle ambiguous parts of the book are lost in the žlm, which is too specižc in places, particularly the ending.    One point that should be taken into consideration is that this essay was written based upon a version of The Innocents that had been cropped to žt a television screen ratio, losing the original widescreen footage. Therefore it was impossible to fully appreciate the director's true vision; consequently, some claims (such as Grose rarely being in the same shot as the governess) may only stand when a third of the picture has been lost.

Oklahoma City Bombing :: essays research papers

Do you remember the conflict that America had in the Persian Gulf a few years back? An incident occurred there where a man drove a truck loaded with explosives into the building where more than 100 Marines were stationed. He blew up the building, along with the Marines. The incident was published by the AP Press soon after. Now do you remember the bombing just four years ago, in Oklahoma City? Suspects Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols drove a Ryder Van loaded with 4,800 pounds of fertilizer and fuel oil to the front of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building, where it subsequently exploded, killing 169 people and injuring some 500 others. Of course you do. While both were massive acts of violence involving American citizens, the impact of such acts is always felt the most when it happens right here at home.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These days, America is filled with those people who disagree with our system of government. Most times, these people suffer silently, expressing their opinions through their votes, or within the discussions that they hold in their own private homes. When these people act upon this anger, and their disagreement, the feelings are brought beyond the point of normal behavior to vigilantism and violence. This animosity, when pushed to these limits, often results in tragedy, a tragedy that we call domestic terrorism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Being the oldest daughter of a Senior ATF Agent, I have been exposed to domestic terrorism all of my life. My father has investigated thousands of bombings, fires, and explosions for more than twenty years now. Many of these incidents were examples of the terrorism that I speak about. His experiences have taught me countless lessons and informed me of many current events. The information that I have obtained from him is far more valuable than anything that the media could ever possibly convey. Though he is always strictly guarded with the confidences of his profession, he has always provided me with a firsthand knowledge of the impact that domestic terrorism has on the citizens and law enforcement. Through him, I learn the facts of these incidents without the media’s exaggerations. Today I will share with you some of these facts. I will talk to you about the impact that domestic terrorism has on our citizens. These impacts include: the monetary damages that terrorism inflicts, along with the injuries to the victims, the shocking repercussions that are embedded into the minds and souls of the people who come to sort through the rubble to find the survivors and the remaining evidence.

Drunken Santa :: essays papers

Drunken Santa Drunken Santa is a work that creates a miracle of equilibrium. What seemed like a clash of an opposite spectrum's colors became the unlikely harmony in this painting. Jaisini's artistic vision here is formed from two components of physical and emotional states of being. Freezing and heating serve as a symbol to a human need for warming up from the chill of solitude by means known to people at all times. The artist pursues his art philosophical quest for worldly knowledge that had left its traces in many of his works. A line of composition literally ignites the painting's surface with the movement. The color of this work is "phosphorescent," and it create the different planes if the subtle color nature. The warm color of purple supports the hot color of Santa's figure and an exotic fish above Santa. This hot color may represent the so-called material universe, the world of the gross senses that can be observed in a sober state. The cold, arctic blue color represents the unknown, the world of a deep state of drunkenness where real is unreal and otherwise. The only hard reality is the self, which never changes in any state. And maybe that is why Jaisini favors the painting's main hero, Santa, to possess the vivacious color of fire. Jaisini chooses this color of fire to manifest the self and the cold cerulean, cobalt and ultramarine to renounce self as a mortal entity surrounded by the eternal unknown. While Santa drinks his feelings of frigid loneliness vanish. And so, he gets a company of some almost hallucinatory nature. A shark, a ghostly image, a profile of another prototypical drunk who is not accidentally situated in a horizontal position. An amalgam of the several female figures that consists of a woman in stockings, a nun, a big-breasted silhouette that create a shadow between. A heat can be sensed around the hot colored Santa who has lost his beard and is holding a glass of red wine. He shows his thumb that may be just a polite substitution for the middle finger sign. The colors of the work are balanced by a virtuoso composition of a cubist character. The picture's space is divided endlessly. More images start to appear. The world of "

Ghost Soldiers Essay

The novel, Ghost Soldiers is a great book written by Hampton Sides. It depicts the true horrors of war, friendship and hope. The story takes place in the Philippines during the Japanese takeover of the island from 1942 until the year 1945, after the outbreak of World War II, when the Japanese assaulted the Philippine islands and captured it. This resulted in many prisoners of war. The American armies ran out of supplies and were tired from fighting and it led to the surrender of the American army, the Bataan death march and the imprisonment at Cabanatuan camp. The American navy was not able to evacuate completely. Most of the soldiers were left behind and taken as prisoners by the Japanese army. Hundreds of the American soldiers were taken to the Cabanatuan Camp where they were taken as captives. The Japanese were brutal to the prisoners. They tortured the prisoners, starved them, and they did not give them necessary supplies to survive, no medicine, and adequate food. In chapter one, the book focused more on April 1942. During the time nobody thought that the Japanese would attack the Philippines. American forces that were in the Philippines were relaxed thinking that the Japanese would not attack and after months of siege the American defense collapsed. During the defense, Major General Edward King was the commander of the forces at Bataan. The Japanese attack is sustained, vicious and victorious, forcing Filipino and American armies to surrender. After the surrender of the American Army in Bataan, they were grouped to form the Bataan death march. They were forced to walk through the mosquito infested jungle, with the hot temperature reaching nearly one hundred degrees. Most of the soldiers died in the Battle of Bataan, as they reached the camp many of the soldiers were sick and starved by the Japanese. After being held at the war camp for three years, the Japanese war ministry issued a â€Å"Kill All Policy† which meant that they will exterminate all the war camps in the Philippines, killing all the US prisoners in the camp. At the camp named Palawan, over a hundred U. S. soldiers were forced into gasoline filled trenches and burned alive. At camp Cabanatuan the American prisoners were oosing hope, they believe that they are forgotten by their comrades and their country. They called themselves the â€Å"Ghost Soldiers†. In January 1945 at the 6th Army Headquarters, Colonel Henry A. Mucci had been selected to devise a plan and to lead the rescue mission to camp Cabanatuan. Mucci was a tough and ambitious leader. He had been assigned to find a way to free the prisoners behind enemy lines before it was too late. It appeared to be strategically impossible for them to rescue the prisoners. They would face the heavy resistance by the Japanese and greatly outnumbered. But Mucci was ambitious; despite the extreme challenge ahead of him he still took the task. Mucci selected a young Captain Robert Prince to lead the raid who came up with a brilliant yet daring plan. He hand-picked 121 elite rangers and Alamo scouts to go into 30 miles deep into enemy territory and make a surprise attack on the camp. The U. S. joined forces with the Filipino resistance to increase their chances of success. The resistance was led by Captain Juan Pojota who had knowledge of the land area that helped them guide the group to their goal.

Plans After Graduating Essay

My primary purpose of applying for the distance learning program is to further my studies by undertaking a Master’s degree course which is in line with my Bachelor’s degree. As a graduate of sociology I am aware that my expertise is in line with studying society in general and also studying specific aspects of our society. However since this is only a Bachelor’s degree it is imperative for me to pursue further studies and I feel that a more focused degree like MPM can benefit me the more as it has more theories in a specific strata of society. My secondary goal is to assure me of a long-term career in education as I am currently a college instructor in STI College Santa Rosa. It is a prequisite for any budding educator to always pile up on one’s credentials to attain not just the knowledge but also an assurance of better opportunities both in the academic world but also in government agencies as well. Upon completion of said degree I see myself continuing in the academe and also go into research on government policies and possible ways of improving the country’s state in terms of governance. My background in sociological studies is a tool that can help me be effective in research and MPM will enhance my skills and my knowledge in terms of public management. I also plan to take up my PHD inside the next 5 years depending on how long it would take to finish up my master’s degree. I am also looking forward for a possible opportunity to work for my alma mater if not Open University perhaps UPLB either a researcher or a professor. It is also my goal that through the program that I am applying for I could impact the lives of my students by sharing with them what I have learned both from the program and also from whatever research materials are already available. If I would be able to do this, the impact will be tremendous both intellectually and also in the lives of my students. From their ranks are future leaders of this country or perhaps citizens that would help improve the lives of their countrymen their different contributions.

Death of a Salesman- Essay-Reflection Essay

In Death of Salesman, the conflicts that the characters face through out in the play, can be interpreted as reflections of the problems in America’s society today. The majority, if not all of these problems can be traced back to Willy Loman as the source. Willy Loman’s longing to be successful (either actually through himself or through his sons) was the origin of all the other problems, and was the reason he could not control himself and he ruined his life and his family. The most obvious societal problem face in the play is greed. Willy’s obsession with having money is a perfect symbol of the larges part of society, the part whose lives revolve around acquiring money, and having â€Å"the best†. The people have unrealistic expectations just like Willy. In Act 1, Willy is hallucinating about his brother Ben and he says, â€Å"The man knew what he wanted and went out and got it! Walked into a jungle, and comes out, the age of twenty-one, and he’s rich!† (41). Willy and countless people in today’s society, have unrealistic expectations, and are never honestly satisfied. They are willing to do anything to get to the top, even if it means hurting others, and most of the time they are left with nothing. Just like Willy in the garden, muttering, â€Å"Nothing’s planted. I don’t have a thing in the ground†; because they have done nothing substantial with their lives and have not â€Å"planted† anything (122). They used all their time concerned with money and neglected to invest in anything concrete, like real love, and having a family. They have no real lives outside of materialistic things, just like Willy. Willy’s constant disregard for others and their lives is another example of a problem America’s society faces being represented in the play. In today’s society, it is seen as expectable to push others down, and put your self first. In Death of a Salesman, Willy does this constantly when it comes time to be honest and care for his family. Willy’s actions greatly affected his family, and were the reason for many of Biff, Happy and Linda’s problems. When he was fired, Willy said, â€Å"I was fired and I am looking for a little good news to tell your mother, because the woman has waited and suffered†(107). Willy, like many people with any sort of conscience today, feels bad and wants to tell Linda that he was fired (something that will  drastically effect his entire family, especially considering their already pending financial problems), but this want is smothered by his need to have â€Å"good news†. This want is essentially just a ploy to make him feel better about himself, so once again Willy puts Linda second to his own needs, which is really the reason for all the waiting and suffering she had to do. This disregard, is also obvious in today’s society, one person’s actions can affect the whole community. Like in the case of all the terrible decisions George Bush. George Bush made decisions for the country, that were not for the common good, but his good, and now America is left picking up the pieces now that he’s gone. Many people argue that a major problem with the order of today’s society is that people no longer respect their elders. Arthur Miller, obviously saw this occurring even in the 1950 when he wrote the book. Willy raised Biff and Happy, putting all in hopes, dreams and inhabitations into them. But when they were old enough no to have to depend on them anymore, they walked away from him. Linda even acknowledges it and says, â€Å"It sounds old fashioned and silly but I tell you he put his whole life into you and you’ve turned your backs on him†(60). Biff and Happy used their father to become who they were, but when he needed them to live, they walked away from him. This is even more obvious of the problems faced today when looked at as if Willy represents all the older people in our society. The elderly are looked down upon, are thought to be crazy, and have their jobs, license and overall most real concessions, taken away for no reason other than age. We discriminat e against people who should be our equals and treated with respect. Peer pressure, is not just something that effects school aged children on the playground. Adults are pressured every day by, family, friends, co-workers into doing things that do not necessarily want to do. This is a tremendous problem in society because most of the time when people are doing something they do not want to do they are going to be upset. This feeling of being upset, usually leads to emotions that are more drastic such as being stressed and just completely lost and unhappy. Willy’s pressure on the Biff and Happy is the perfect example of this pressure to do things you normally would not do. Willy constantly says through out the play, â€Å"the man who makes  an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead. Be liked and you will never want†, this pressure to be well liked is what pushed Biff to neglect his school work and Happy to only care about pleasing woman and his father (30). Willy always pushed the boys to have and to be the greatest at everything they did. But in the end Willy’s pressure pushed the boys to make reckless decisions and made them feel like they could never do enough to please their father. Biff took to stealing and even admits that his father’s pressure got to him in Act 2 when he says, â€Å"I never got anywhere because you blew me so full of hot air I could never stand taking orders from anybody!† (131). Pressure can sometimes be positive, like when it pressure pushes you to give your best effort, and sometimes negative, like when it causes you to conform excessively. As in the case of Happy, who by the end of the play, even after his father kills himself is determined to follow in Willy’s foot steps and even says, â€Å"It’s the only dream you can have – to come out number-one man. He fought it out here, and this is where I’m gonna win it for him† (139). The biggest complaint that is heard from adults about today’s youth is the constant feeling of entitlement. Even when unjustified. Willy’s outlook on his life is a perfect example on teen’s unjustified feelings of entitlement in today’s culture. In the scene where he goes to talk to Howard about his job, Willy says, â€Å"You can’t eat the orange and throw the peel away-a man is not a piece of fruit.† (82). Willy feels that Howard (the son of the father who had formerly promised Willy that he would be rewarded for his service to the company) has gone back on the word of his father by forgetting the salesman in his golden years, throwing away the peel after eating the orange, so to speak. But what Willy does not realize is that Howard owes him nothing, and neither did his father. Anything people do out of kindness is simply that, kindness. Students sometimes think that just because they received a good mark in a class that it will automatically be the same the next quarter, and aren’t always willing to do the work needed to earn the grade. But what Willy and countless others don’t realize is that no one is owed anything. During and argument Willy has with his son, Biff makes the comment, â€Å"Pop! I’m a dime a dozen, and so are you!† This infuriates Willy who counterattacks, â€Å"I am not a dime a dozen! I am Willy Loman, and you are  Biff Loman!† (132). Seen through Willy and people thought the world, entitlement is an illusion that blinds our work/life ethic and us. Death of a Salesman shows both family and societiatal conflicts; however, these conflicts are definitely more powerful when looked at as societal problems .It forces you to evaluate the ethics and principles of the culture we live in. and how they eventually reflect the things we truly hold important. However the reflection is not just the problems, but also all the damage that results from making those the most valued things. Death of a Salesman is a disheartening play but it is an honest reflection of our society. Bibliography: Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. New York: 1949. Print.

Education †Gymnasium Essay

Title Education is everywhere in the world. Individuals are learning here and there. Everyone would agree that education is a fundamental way of life. Education is obtained learning from multiple people such as parents, friends, teachers and even other surroundings. Every individual is educated and taught differently. Education should be built not only on the text that lies within a book, but should also be base with everyday life. Agree on McCullough and Oliphant perspectives because grades and how life is not revolved around grades. | Grades should not be based on how smart an individual is. Although Oliphant â€Å"Letter to a B Student† wrote â€Å"Your performance is generally assumed to correspond to the knowledge you have acquired and will retain (137). † They could be really intelligent or ignorant, but the letter grade they receive defines who they are. The letter grade that most individuals want to receive is an A, but others settle for the best they can receive. In McCullough speech â€Å"You’re Not Special† he says â€Å"Where good is no longer good enough, where a B is the new C, and where the midlevel curriculum is called Advanced College Placement (McCullough). † Even the ones that try their hardest on something might have a difficult time trying to comprehend the material. They worry about the grade they might receive and it stresses them out. There are individuals that just brush off or brag about the grade they received to make the others feel bad about themselves. For example, one student might have taken an exam that they studied for and failed; the other student did not study and passed. Individuals like to brag about their grades that they probably do not deserve. | How life is not revolved around grades because it is more than that to life. Oliphant said â€Å"Your grade does not represent a judgment of your basic ability or of your character (137). † People think that individuals such as students that do not make a high grade that they are not trying their best at what they are doing. There are a lot of wealthy people that are wealthy without grades defining them. Some of them could have made low grades when they were younger and people said they would not be successful it because they are failing everything. There are a handful of successful individuals that did not make it far in school, but is doing something good with their life. Individuals should not judge people because of several failing grades they could be more intelligent than everyone thinks they are. McCullough talks about â€Å"You’re not special, because everyone is (McCullough). †In conclusion, grades should not define a person on what they make on a paper. People should not judge a person by a low grade or high grade. Agreeing with McCullough and Oliphant perspectives. People are more intelligent than individuals think they are. | Works CitedMcCullough, David. â€Å"You’re Not Special. † Myfoxboston. com. Fox Television Stations, Inc. 6 June 2012. Web. 22 Feb. 2013. Oliphant, Robert. â€Å"Letter to a B Student. † Writing on the River: An Anthology. 3rd ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2012. 136-142. Print.

Human Resources Essay

1. Explain how realistic job previews (RJPs) operate. Why do they appear to be an effective recruitment technique? Realistic Job Previews show potential candidates a (mostly) unbiased snapshot of a firm, including pros and cons about a job, its details and the current employee satisfaction with the job and company. It appears to be an effective recruiting technique because it lets the potential recruit know what they are getting into before going through the hiring process, therefore preventing high turn overs and increasing employee satisfaction. 2 . What are the advantages and disadvantages of filling openings from internal sources? Advantages include: A firm being able to receive a return on their investment by getting the full use out of the professional maturity of an employee from entry level to career level Having the surrounding employees feed off the growth of their peer and strive to also become a leader and advance Rewards the work ethic of employees who start from the bottom and move up Disadvantages include: The existing employees available may not have the requirements for the open position The attributes of the current staff might carry over into the new positions and there may never be any different views or personalities, as opposed to hiring someone externally, which allows for ambiguity. The firm will have used all their available employees from the entry level positions and need to hire externally for those. 3. What contributions can a career management program make to an organization that is forced to downsize its operations? A career management program can contribute to an organization that’s downsizing by using the assessment tools to pinpoint what is needed from its employees to succeed, and using the inventory and human capital, eliminating those who may not have the motivation or are high risk to the future of the company. They can also discover who will remain an asset and place them in different roles that will capitalize on their skill and potential, and eliminate unnecessary roles or job positions. 4. How are career challenges of minorities both similar to and different from those of women? The challenges of minorities are similar to the challenges of women because they’re limited to resources that help their development in similar ways; minorities are not exposed to the same educational backgrounds.

Drunk Driving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Drunk Driving - Essay Example Research has also shown that an alcohol related death occurs in every thirty minutes and driving while drunk accounts for approximately 25% of the deaths. Drinking has been found to impair vision and hearing among drinkers, it also leads to a decline in terms of coordination of the body muscles and ultimately reaction times. This is a combination that may not be desired for people expected to drive on our roads. At a BAC of above ten percent for instance one to have a very poor reaction time, deteriorated motor control, poor vision, mood changes and over expression. There is no doubt such is not the status expected drive a car. As a result of the sensory impacts of drinking alcohol, driving while is responsible for the many accidents and deaths associated with alcohol. it would therefore be advisable that all drivers avoid drinking if they have to drive or wait until the end of the journey if they must drink. Laws have been put in place to punish those found to drive while drunk and therefore driving while drunk means violating state laws. DUI is a crime and may be classified as either a felony or misdemeanor depending on the circumstances in which the crime is committed. A misdemeanor is preferred when the drunk driver causes no injury to other persons or peoples’ properties. A felony on the other hand results when DUI results in injuries. The maximum jail term in case of a misdemeanor is six months whereas for felony it can extend unto three years. Punishment may also include revocation of one’s driving license. Research has also shown that peer pressure is a major case DUI; the youth would want to drink and drive in a quest to show off to peers, pretend to be strong, impress their friends or even just because they don’t want others to drive their car. This has the effect of exposing the teenagers and youth at a much higher risk of engaging in DUI and by extension related accidents as compared to the adults

Advantages of e-CRM systems Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advantages of e-CRM systems - Coursework Example This involves first seeking the customer’s permission and providing them with an incentive, before targeting them with the organization’s given marketing message. E-CRM systems make it easy for organizations like Our Town Photography to engage in multiple relationships with multiple customers through the use of different opt-in and opt-out tools such as checking a box in an online form. E-CRM systems are essentially designed for this new form of marketing. Permission marketing ensures that the company only concentrates its marketing on customers who are interested. This leads to the second advantage of e-CRM systems: effective targeting. E-CRM systems keep records of those who have visited a web site and expressed an interest in the products or services offered by registering their name and other details. By sending marketing messages to this category of web visitors, Our Town Photography will receive higher response rates from its target customers. With the e-CRM tech nology, the company could further tailor its messages to customer micro-segments. With effective targeting, the overall cost of reaching customers also goes down. Firstly, it is cheaper to use electronic communication methods than physical ones. Secondly, with effective targeting the number of mail-outs is reduced ... These systems also support active information gathering from customers through tools such as online forums and communities, new product prototype evaluations and even customer-led innovations. List the specific data you would to store in your system Name Address Birth dates Purchase History Product or service recommendations made Gifts sent and received Anniversaries Hobbies and interests Gender Marital Status Post-sales service and/or product rating Research at least two e-CRM systems that are available and do a compare contrast between the two systems. List the advantages and disadvantages of each the system and create a side by side comparison matrix. Table 1: SugarCRM versus Microsoft Dynamics CRM Feature SugarCRM Corporate Microsoft Dynamics CRM Deployment On-premise or cloud-based On-premise and cloud-based Trial period 7 days 30 days Cost US$ 45/user/month US$ 44/user/month Databases -Client can opt to use SugarCRM datacenter or Client datacenter or third party datacenter -Off ers 30GB free -Client can use own datacenter or Microsoft Cloud datacenter -Offers 5GB free, client pays for extra storage Employee applications and channels -Unlimited customization options / based on Open Source standards -Proprietary system thus customization limited by vendor -Massive ecosystem of extensions developed by Open Source community found at SugarExchange for over 200 commercial extensions and SugarForge.org for over 800 free extensions -Seamless integration to Microsoft products -Integration with Outlook and Microsoft ERP is especially very appealing to small and medium businesses. -Full sales, marketing and support automation -Full sales, marketing and support automation -Email integration, reporting, team selling, collaboration tools, advanced security, workflow